Assistive+Technology


 * Assistive Technology**

= Description =

Assistive Technology allows individuals to perform tasks that they might not normally be able to accomplish on their own. The technologies can be software or hardware based and can provide many different levels of assistance based on the users needs. What is assistive tech?

= Purpose =

Assistive technology refers to devices that enable people with learning differences to work around their challenges instead of fixing them. In addition, it allows people to have greater control over their own lives, permitting them to both participate and contribute more fully in activities in their homes, __schools__, work, and community. Assistive technologies make a more independent life possible for people with disabilities and thereby greatly enhance their quality of life. Assistive technology formats or methods of communication could include Braille, cassette recordings, large print, electronic text, Internet postings, T elecommunications Device for the Deaf / Tele-Typewriter (TDD / TTY) technologies allow people with hearing or __speech disabilities__ to communicate over the telephone (e.g. acoustic coupler, keyboard, visible message display), and captioning and audio description for video materials.

= Background =

= = The 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires federally funded institution to provide accommodations for students with disabilities. In addition, in 1998 U.S. Congress amended the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. This update requires federal agencies to make their electronic and information technology accessible to people with disabilities. This update is referred to by its section number, 508. Schools and Government agencies are now required to make websites and electronic communications accessible to all employees and students. This includes all documents, eLearning courses and other forms of electronic communications.

**Features **

 * Provides opportunities for students with a wide variety of disabilities
 * Also meets [|Section 508] (Rehabilitation Act of 1998, as amended ) requirements
 * Screen magnification
 * Voice Over
 * Alternative User Interfaces
 * Mouse keys, slow keys, sticky keys
 * Braille
 * __Text to Speech__
 * Eating utensils
 * Laser assisted speech generation software (used by people with no voice capacity and no muscle control below the neck)
 * Computer control living environment (using the computer to operate lights, air conditioning, television, etc. when person lacks motor control)

**Mobility**

 * The industry for mobility assistance for citizens who, for a variety of different reasons, aren't as mobile as they would prefer is booming with many options for assisted mobility. Companies who build and supply technology like [|scooters], [|standers] and [|electric wheelchairs] are allowing people of all ages and all types of special needs to enjoy their lives. Mobile devices allow people to enjoy such sports as bowling, hunting, fishing, dancing, golfing, cycling and even rugby! Click the links to learn more about each type of device.
 * Examples:
 * Scooters
 * Walker
 * Electric Wheelchair
 * Ramps
 * Cuts in curbs
 * Prosthetic legs

**Vision**

 * Vision Assistive Technologies are items that are specifically designed to help those people that may have vision impairments. Assistive Technologies in the Vision domain range from Braille books and printers, to computer programs designed to magnify screens for those with low-vision abilities or computer readers for blind individuals.
 * Vision Assistive Technologies, similar to Mobility Assistance, are allowing citizens to enjoy activities which sighted citizens are enjoying. This short [|video] provides examples of a variety of devices which help vision-impaired people regain their world.
 * Examples:
 * Glasses
 * Slant Boards
 * Magnification features
 * Screen Readers- JAWS

**Hearing**

 * Hearing Assistive Technologies are designed to help the hearing impaired to participate in a wide variety of activities such as day-to-day communication, classes, and listening to lectures. These technologies can include items like __hearing aides__ or hearing assistive technological systems (HATS) that aide in the process of hearing more readily.
 * Technologies such as closed captioning for television programs, cochlear implants which help hearing impaired citizens regain their hearing, text telephones and visual alert signalers for doorbells and telephones allow people with hearing loss to live healthy, energetic independent lives.
 * Example:
 * Hearing aide
 * Hearing phones/tubes

**Cognitive**

 * [|Examples:]
 * Pill box reminder
 * Posted instructions.
 * First Then
 * ToDo

**Alternative Communication**

 * [|Example]:
 * Proloquo2Go
 * MyChoiceBoard
 * TapToTalk

**Computer Input Design**
These may include input devices that can utilize other body movements, such as the feet, titling of the head, an eye blink, or a breath. It also may include keyboards with Braille keys for the visually impaired. Keyboards can also be designed with various ergonomic configurations to reduce muscle strain or assist those with limited dexterity. People with physical impairments can also make use of mini keyboards with a limited number of keys or larger keys. = Strengths =
 * [|Examples:]
 * Alternative keyboards
 * Touch screen computers.
 * Mini Keyboards
 * Braille Keyboard
 * Foot Controllers
 * Ergonomic Keyboard


 * Allows more users to accomplish tasks that they would normally be incapable of doing on their own
 * Allows everyone to participate in classroom activities, discussions, and learning experiences
 * Promotes greater independence by enabling people to perform tasks that they were formerly unable to accomplish, or had great difficulty accomplishing, by providing enhancements to or changed methods of interacting with the technology needed to accomplish such tasks.
 * Promotes self respect and provides a benefit to caregivers (informal care)
 * Reduces operating costs and improves efficiencies (care facilities)
 * Decreases a student's dependence on the teacher, preparing them better for life outside of school.
 * Allows schools to be [|IDEA] compliant.

= Weaknesses =


 * Cost
 * According to [|Education World], about one-third of public schools reported that there were too few computers with alternative input/output devices for students with disabilities, and insufficient evaluation and support services to meet the special technology needs of students with disabilities.
 * Not everything works with this technology (i.e. if a website is not Section 508 compliant, a screen reader will have issues reading it)
 * The integration of technology into natural settings requires ongoing and immediate support. When AT use is successful, devices and equipment that are worn or outgrown are replaced. AT not meeting student needs are modified, replaced or abandoned, either temporarily or permanently. School district policy and procedures must address these ongoing maintenance, repair and necessary upgrades of technology.
 * Teachers and school districts are not always aware of the latest developments in technology and what is currently available for each and every disability.
 * The current trend for school IT departments is down-sizing and out-sourcing. The more cutting-edge the technology, the more help a teacher would need to implement the technology. This may be more and more difficult with longer wait times for help from IT.

= Considerations =

The __disability__ Assistive technology may be considered appropriate when it does any or all of the following things:
 * When is using assistive technology appropriate? Source: Family Guide to Assistive Technology [|http://www.pluk.org/AT1.html#4]**
 * Enables an individual to perform functions that can be achieved by no other means
 * Enables an individual to approximate normal fluency, rate, or standards--a level of accomplishment which could not be achieved by any other means
 * Provides access for participation in programs or activities which otherwise would be closed to the individual
 * Increases endurance or ability to persevere and complete tasks that otherwise are too laborious to be attempted on a routine basis
 * Enables an individual to concentrate on learning or employment tasks, rather than mechanical tasks
 * Provides greater access to information
 * Supports normal social interactions with peers and adults
 * Supports participation in the least restrictive educational environment.
 * What will it be used for?
 * Will it work for what is needed?
 * The benefits of technology are as extensive as the abilities and goals of the students using them. However, professionals and parents should exercise certain cautions. Technology must not been seen as a panacea; it alone will not "fix" a disability or guarantee a successful inclusion program.
 * Quality of the product

Even basic Microsoft Windows comes with some Assistive Technologies built right in. From the Control Panel, there are options to start speech recognition, (so one doesn’t need to type, useful also for slow typists,) options to change how the mouse works, (change color, size and appearance of mouse pointer, using the numeric keypad to move the mouse around the screen, activating windows by roll-overs,) options for changing the visual display (contrast, hear text and descriptions read aloud, make things easier to see,) replacing sounds with visual clues, changing how your keyboard works, and more. Microsoft’s website has more [|information] for Vista and Windows 7 users.

= Leading Tools =


 * RESOURCE FOR TOOLS:**


 * [|AbleData]** is a resource for information about leading assistive technology tools. According to the AbleData website, it serves as an independent on-line resource for assistive products used by people with disabilities by providing information about assistive technology and rehabilitative equipment.

AbleData is sponsored by the **National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, NIDRR****,** part of the Office of Special __Education__ and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) of the U.S. Department of Education.

Products are divided into categories, many of which have implications for learning technologies. Categories of products include those designed to assist with: Blindness and Low Vision, Communication, Computers, (Electronic) Controls, Deafness and the Hard of Hearing, Education and the Workplace.

The website also features:
 * Resource links to manufacturers and marketers of assistive devices and to organizations that service people who are disabled
 * A Library of AbleData publications and an extensive list of assistive technology literature including links to web resources
 * 43 pages of Do-it-Yourself devices and instructions
 * A Review section with user comments on products of their choice

The [|Family Center on Technology] has a powerpoint entitled,, which provides valuable information about the use and implementation of assistive technology in the classroom.

[|Family Guide to Assistive Technology] This guide was funded through a subcontract between the Federation and Parents, Let's Unite for Kids from monies awarded to the Federation by the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services (OSERS), U.S. Department of Education.


 * ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TOOLS:**
 * **Alternative keyboards—**featuring larger- or smaller-than-standard keys or keyboards, alternative key configurations, and keyboards for use with one hand.[[image:http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3066/2406113158_9c7be7a3f8_m.jpg width="168" height="126" align="right" caption="Old> & New Models Cochlear Implants" link="http://www.flickr.com/photos/sociate/2406113158/"]]
 * **Cochlear implant** - a small, complex electronic device that can help to provide a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard-of-hearing. []
 * **Communication Board -** A low-tech (non-computerized) or high-tech (computerized) method for students who are unable to speak/communicate with others to communicate by use of pictures (and possibly a computerized voice).[[image:communication%20board.jpg width="219" height="179" align="left" caption="Example Communication Board"]]
 * **Electronic pointing devices**—used to control the cursor on the screen without use of hands. Devices used include ultrasound, infrared beams, eye movements, nerve signals, or brain waves.
 * **Hearing Aid -** amplifies sound/vibrations
 * **Sip-and-puff systems**—activated by inhaling or exhaling.
 * **Wands and sticks**—worn on the head, held in the mouth or strapped to the chin and used to press keys on the keyboard
 * **Joysticks**—manipulated by hand, feet, chin, etc. and used to control the cursor on screen.

> **Keyboard filters** are typing aids such as word prediction utilities and add-on spelling checkers that reduce the required number of keystrokes. Keyboard filters enable users to quickly access the letters they need and to avoid inadvertently selecting keys they don't want. > Portable communication devices, such as the DynaMyte, provide a way for students with communicative disabilities to initiate, respond and converse. As a student selects a sequence of picture symbols, the computer "speaks" the pre-programmed message. Source: [|Types of Assistive Technology Products]
 * **Trackballs**—movable balls on top of a base that can be used to move the cursor on screen.
 * **Touch screens**—allow direct selection or activation of the computer by touching the screen, making it easier to select an option directly rather than through a mouse movement or keyboard. Touch screens are either built into the computer monitor or can be added onto a computer monitor.[[image:braille.png width="271" height="147" align="right" caption="Braille Embosser" link="http://www.setbc.org/teachingbraillestudents/tbs_high_tech_devices.html"]]
 * **Braille embossers** transfer computer generated text into embossed Braille output. Braille translation programs convert text scanned-in or generated via standard word processing programs into Braille, which can be printed on the embosser.
 * **Large Print Textbook**- numerous textbooks are available in large print for the students with vision problems.
 * **Light signaler alerts** monitor computer sounds and alert the computer user with light signals. This is useful when a computer user can not hear computer sounds or is not directly in front of the computer screen. As an example, a light can flash alerting the user when a new e-mail message has arrived or a computer command has completed.
 * **On-screen keyboards** provide an image of a standard or modified keyboard on the computer screen that allows the user to select keys with a mouse, touch screen, trackball, joystick, switch, or electronic pointing device. On-screen keyboards often have a scanning option that highlights individual keys that can be selected by the user. On-screen keyboards are helpful for individuals who are not able to use a standard keyboard due to dexterity or mobility difficulties.
 * **Page Turner:** By using this device to hold a book for a student, s/he is then freed to focus on reading & comprehending the material in the book. A page turns when the students presses a switch.
 * **Reading tools and learning disabilities programs** include software and hardware designed to make text-based materials more accessible for people who have difficulty with reading. Options can include scanning, reformatting, navigating, or speaking text out loud. These programs are helpful for those who have difficulty seeing or manipulating conventional print materials; people who are developing new literacy skills or who are learning English as a foreign language; and people who comprehend better when they hear and see text highlighted simultaneously.
 * **Refreshable Braille displays** provide tactile output of information represented on the computer screen. A Braille "cell" is composed of a series of dots. The pattern of the dots and various combinations of the cells are used in place of letters. Refreshable Braille displays mechanically lift small rounded plastic or metal pins as needed to form Braille characters. The user reads the Braille letters with his or her fingers, and then, after a line is read, can refresh the display to read the next line.
 * **Screen enlargers, or screen magnifiers**, work like a magnifying glass for the computer by enlarging a portion of the screen which can increase legibility and make it easier to see items on the computer. Some screen enlargers allow a person to zoom in and out on a particular area of the screen.
 * **Screen readers** are used to verbalize, or "speak," everything on the screen including text, graphics, control buttons, and menus into a computerized voice that is spoken aloud. In essence, a screen reader transforms a graphic user interface (GUI) into an audio interface. Screen readers are essential for computer users who are blind.
 * **Speech recognition or voice recognition programs**, allow people to give commands and enter data using their voices rather than a mouse or keyboard. Voice recognition systems use a microphone attached to the computer, which can be used to create text documents such as letters or e-mail messages, browse the Internet, and navigate among applications and menus by voice.
 * **Text-to-Speech (TTS) or speech synthesizers** receive information going to the screen in the form of letters, numbers, and punctuation marks, and then "speak" it out loud in a computerized voice. Using speech synthesizers allows computer users who are blind or who have learning difficulties to hear what they are typing and also provide a spoken voice for individuals who can not communicate orally, but can communicate their thoughts through typing.
 * **Talking and large-print word processors** are software programs that use speech synthesizers to provide auditory feedback of what is typed. Large-print word processors allow the user to view everything in large text without added screen enlargement.
 * **TTY/TDD conversion modems** are connected between computers and telephones to allow an individual to type a message on a computer and send it to a TTY/TDD telephone or other Baudot equipped device.
 * **DynaMyte** (DynaVox Systems, LLC.)
 * **Wheelchair lifts/stair climb** enable people to have mobility through out their home and a sense of independence.

= Open Source Options =
 * **OATS -** Open Source Assistive Technology Software. OATS is a [|website] that is dedicated to using open source techniques to improve assistive technology.

Communication types of Assistive Technology

Types of Assistive Technology

Communication: Reading: Learning/ Studying: Math: Writing: Written Expression: Computer Access: Vision: Hearing: Recreation: <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">Mobility: <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">Daily Living Skills: <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">Environmental Control: <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">Positioning and Seating:
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Communication board with pictures/words/objects
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Eye gaze frame
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Simple voice output device
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice output device with icon sequencing
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice output device with dynamic display
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice output device with speech synthesis
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Predictable books
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Changes in text size, spacing, color, background
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Book adapted for page turning
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Use of pictures/symbols with text
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Talking electronic device to speak challenging words
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Single word scanners
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Scanner with Optical Character Recognition and talking word processor
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Electronic books
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Print or picture schedule
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Aids to find materials (e.g. color coded folders)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Highlight text
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Recorded material
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice output reminders for assignments, tasks
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Electronic organizers
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Pagers/electronic reminders
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Single word scanners
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Hand-held scanners
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Software for concept development
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Software for organization of ideas
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Hand-held computers
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Abacus/Math Line
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Enlarged math worksheets
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Alternatives for answering, explaining or giving examples
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Math "Smart Chart"
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Money calculator/Coinulator
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Tactile/voice output measuring devices
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Talking watches/clocks
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Calculator with or without print out
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Calculator with large keys and/or display
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Talking calculator
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Calculator with special features
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">On-screen/scanning calculator
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Alternative keyboard
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Math software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Software for manipulation of objects
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice recognition software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Variety of pencils and pens
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Pencil/pen with adaptive grip
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adapted paper (e.g. raised line or highlighted line)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Slant board
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Prewritten words/phrases
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Templates
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Portable word processor
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Computer with word processing
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice recognition software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Talking calculator
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Word cards/book/wall
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Pocket dictionary/thesaurus
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Writing templates
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Electronic/talking spell checker/dictionary
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Word processing with spell checker
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Talking word processing
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Abbreviation/expansion
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Word processing with writing supports
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Multimedia software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice recognition software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Keyboard with accessibility options
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Word prediction, abbrev./expansion to reduce keystrokes
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Key guard
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Arm support
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Track ball/joystick with on-screen keyboard
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Alternate keyboard
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Pointing options/Head mice
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Switch with Morse code
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Switch with scanning
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Voice recognition software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Eye glasses
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Magnifier
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Large print books
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">CCTV (closed circuit television)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Screen magnifier (mounted over screen)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Screen magnification software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Screen color contrast
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Screen reader, text reader
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Braille materials
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Braille translation software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Enlarged or Braille/tactile labels for keyboard
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Alternate keyboard with enlarged keys
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Braille keyboard and note taker
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Pen and paper
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Computer/portable word processor
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">TTY/TDD with or without relay
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Signaling device
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Closed Captioning
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Real Time captioning
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Computer aided note taking
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Flash alert signal on computer
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Phone amplifier
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Personal amplification system/Hearing aid
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">FM or Loop system
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Infrared system
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Toys adapted with Velcro, magnets, handles, etc.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Toys adapted for single switch operation
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive sporting equipment
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Universal cuff to hold crayons, etc.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Modified utensils
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Arm support for drawing/painting
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Electronic aids to operate TV, VCR, etc.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Art software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Games on the computer
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Other software
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Walker
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Grab bars and rails
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Manual wheelchair including sports chair
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Powered mobility toy
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Powered scooter
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Powered wheelchair
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adapted vehicle for driving
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Nonslip materials
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Universal cuff/strap to hold items in hand
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Color coded items for easier locating
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive eating utensils
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive drinking devices
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive dressing equipment
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive devices for hygiene
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive bathing devices
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adaptive equipment for cooking
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Light switch extension
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Interface and switch to activate battery operated devices
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Interface and switch to turn on electrical appliances
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Radio/ultra sound to remotely control appliances
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Electronic aide to daily living controlled through augmentative device
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Non-slip surface on chair
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Bolster, rolled towel, blocks for feet
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Adapted/alternate chair, sidelyer, stander
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">Custom fitted wheelchair or insert